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S.y.b.com semester – iv (cbcs) advertising exam questions

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S.Y.B.com semester – iv (cbcs) advertising Q.2 What are the advantages and disadvantages of TV advertising? ANS: Television Advertising Television provides the ability to communicate sight, sound, motion and emotion. The viewer can instantly see the product, view it in a variety of situations, determine how it can be of benefit to their application and leave them with a lasting impression on the business. Advantages of Television Advertising 1) Creativity: The interaction of sight and sound offers tremendous creative flexibility and makes possible dramatic, life like representations of production services. TV commercials can be used to convey a mood or image for a brand as well as to develop emotional or entertaining appeals that help make a dull product appear interesting. Television is also an excellent medium for demonstrating a product or service. 2) Wide coverage: Everyone, regardless of age, gender, income or educational level, watches TV at least for some time. Marketers selling products and services that appeal to broad target audience find that TV allows them to reach mass markets. TV is popular medium among companies selling mass consumption products. Companies with widespread distribution and availability of their products and services use TV to reach the mass market and deliver their advertising. 3) Selectivity: Proper slot must be selected to telecast the ad and it is due to variations in the composition of audiences as a result of programme content, broadcast time and geographical coverage. For example, Sunday morning TV caters to children, Saturday and Sunday afternoon programmes are geared to sports oriented male and week daytime shows heavily to homemakers. 4) Demonstration: The demonstration of the product can be shown through television advertisement. It will encourage viewers to purchase the product. Eg: Maggi is shown how it is being made in 2 minutes. Easy to cook good to eat. 5) Ability to create humor : Television advertisement generates humor among general audience. As it ads audio, video and jingles. It attracts the customer and thus they may take a decision of purchasing the product. 6) Can reach illiterates: The ads shown on television are in different languages and since it has audio effects the illiterates can also be attracted to see and understand the ad. Many of the social advertisements are shown on television to generate awareness among illiterates. 7) Low per person cost: As lakhs of people watch the ad at a time the per person cost is less. Eg: Doordarshan National Channel is watched by lakhs of people especially in rural areas. 8) Captures international market: Certain channels are shown at international level and thus the ad can be telecasted to other countries too. Therefore, Indian companies may get the orders and popularity from other countries. 9) Repetition: The same ad can be repeatedly shown on television. It increases the chances of people viewing the ad and hence the popularity of the product increases. It can also create top of mind awareness. Limitations / Disadvantages of Television Advertising 1) Costs: Despite the efficiency of TV in reaching large audience, it is an enormously expensive medium to advertisement. The high cost of TV ads stems not only from the expense of buying airtime, but also form the cost of producing a quality commercial. More advertisers are using media driven creative strategies that require production of a variety of commercials, which drive up their cost. Even local ads can be expensive to produce and often are not of high quality. 2) Lack of selectivity: Advertiser who are seeking a very specific, often small, target audience find the coverage of TV often extending beyond their market, thus reducing its cost effectiveness. Geographical selectivity can be a problem for local advertisers such as retailers since it rates on the total market area it reaches. Audience selectivity is difficult as advertisers target certain groups of consumers through the type of programme or day and/or time they choose to advertisement. 3) Clutter: Like other media, television advertisement also suffers from the problem of clutter. Nowadays, there are too many ads on television and therefore many a times the audience is also confused and boredom with same. Therefore, though television ads are attractive they may not hold the audience for long. 4) Lack of clarity of message: The ad message can be lost in the maelstrom television. Viewers may change the channel or decrease the volume during commercial breaks is a common habit, losing the reception of messages. So, the idea may not be so clear and the objective is not reached. 5) Fleeting message: TV commercials usually last only 30 seconds or less and leave nothing tangible for the viewer to examine or consider. Commercials have become considerably short as the demand for a limited amount of broadcast time has intensified and advertisers to get more impressions from their media budgets. 6) Negative attitudes: Many consumers have negative attitude about TV commercials. A number of filters negatively impact the ad, even if it reaches a large audience. Leaving the room, talking to friends, texting, flipping channels, reading and simply spacing off are all things that can distract viewers from watching and absorbing commercial message. 7) Lacks flexibility: It’s not as easy as editing your print ad. Most times, a TV ad will need to be shot again, or at least that part of it will need to be re-shot, and it’s difficult to pick up action in the middle of an ad and to come away with the same feel of the ad as the first time. 8) Time consuming process: Even a 30-second ad or the 10- and 15- second clips of recent years, require a lot of effort. Advertiser needs to hire a script writer or an ad agency, actors and a director. Rehearsing, shooting and retakes consume an entire day or more. It’s time- consuming and stressful process. 9) Placement of ads: The advertiser may not get the right placement of ads during the TV programme. The ads of competitors may appear at the same time and

Blog, Business Economics, F.Y.B.COM, Question Bank

fybcom syllabus mumbai university | fybcom semester 2 question paper

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F.Y.B.Com Semester II Business Economics II Q.4 Discuss the long run equilibrium of the firm under perfect competition. ANS: The long run is a period of time which is sufficiently long to allow the firms to make changes in all factors of production. Therefore, it is said that in the long run, all factors of production are variable and no factors are fixed. So in the long run the firms, can increase or decrease their output by changing their capital equipment; they may expand or contract their old plants or replace the old lower-capacity plants by the new higher-capacity plants or add new plants in the business or the firms can contract their output level by reducing their capital equip-ment; they may allow a part of the existing capital equipment to wear out without replacement or sell out a part of the capital equipment Besides, in the long run, new firms can enter the industry to compete the existing firms. Moreover, the firms can leave the industry in the long run. The long-run equilibrium then refers to the situation when free and full adjustment in the capital equip-ment as well as in the number of firms has been allowed to take place. It is therefore long-run average and marginal cost curve which are relevant for deciding about equilibrium output in the long run. Moreover, in the long run, it is the average total cost which is of determining importance, since all costs are variable and none fixed. As explained above, a firm is in equilibrium under perfect competition when marginal cost is equal to price i.e. MC = P. But for the firm to be in long-run equilibrium, besides marginal cost being equal to price, the price must also be equal to average cost (P = MC). For, if the price is greater or less than the average cost, there will be tendency for the firms to enter or leave the industry. If the price is greater than the average cost, the firms will try to earn more than normal profits. These supernormal profits will attracts the new firms to enter into the industry. With the entry of new firms in the industry, the price of the product will go down as a result of the increase in supply of output and also the cost will go up as a result of more intensive competition for factors of production will be generated. The firms will continue entering the industry until the price is equal to average cost so that all firms are earning only normal profits. These can be explained with the help of the following Diagram 9.5 given below: Diagram 1.5 represents the equilibrium condition of firm under perfect competition. The firm in the long-run equilibrium is at a price OP and quantity of output is OQ where the equilibrium point is E. at the equilibrium point MR = MC. As said the firm earns normal profit in the long run so, Profit = TR- TC = OQEP – OQEP Therefore, the firm earns normal profit in the long run where, P= AR= MR= AC= MC. If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per subject 100/- rupees only . Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141 Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidol Suraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducation F.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexam S.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexam F.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexam S.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexam T.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexam M.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1Exam M.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2Exam M.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw  

Blog, Business Economics, F.Y.B.COM, Question Bank

Business economics fybcom sem 2 pdf mumbai university

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F.Y.B.COM. SEMESTER – II BUSINESS ECONOMICS – II​ Q.2 Explain how a firm gets profit maximisation under perfect competition. ANS: Profit is the main objective of any firm into business. Each and every firm tries to makes maximum possible profit into the business. Firm earns profit when Total revenue which has earned subtracted from the Total cost which he has bare for the production.     Therefore, we say that the price under perfect competition is equal to the average revenue which a firm earns in a market. A firm in a perfectly competitive market tries to maximize his profits. In the short-run, it is possible for a firm to earn profits which can be positive, negative, or zero. Economic profits which the firm earns will be zero in the long-run. In the short-run, if a firm earns negative economic profit, it is said that he should continue to operate his business if its price exceeds its average variable cost and he should shut down if its price is below its average variable cost. The marginal revenue (MR) is the change in total revenue from an additional unit of output sold in the market for which the firm bares Marginal cost. In order to maximize the profits in a perfectly competitive market, the firms set the price where the marginal revenue equal to marginal cost (MR=MC). The MR curve is the slope of the revenue curve, which is also equal to the demand curve (DD), price (P) and the Marginal and Average Revenue curve. Therefore, In the shortterm, it is possible for a firm to earn economic profits to be positive, zero, or negative. When price is greater than average total cost, the firm is making a profit. When price is less than average total cost, the firm is making a loss in the market. Perfect Competition in the Short Run: In the short run, it is possible for an individual firm to make an economic profit. This state is shown in the above Diagram 9.1, as the price or average revenue, denoted by P, is above the average cost denoted by AR. In the long-run, if firms try to earning positive economic profits, more and firms will enter into perfectly competitive market are, which will shift the supply curve to the right of the original place. As the supply curve shifts to the right, the equilibrium price of the firm will go down. As the price goes down, the economic profits will decrease until they become zero. When the price is less than the average total cost of the production, at that time the firms are making a loss. In the long-run, if firms in a perfectly competitive market are earning negative economic profits, then more firms will leave the market and which in turn will shift the supply curve left of the diagram. As the supply curve shifts to the left, the price will rise. As the price rises, the economic profits will increase until they become zero. In the long-run, companies that are engaged in a perfectly competitive market will earn zero economic profits. The long-run equilibrium point for a perfectly competitive market occurs where the demand curve (price)(P) intersects the marginal cost (MC) curve at the minimum point of the average cost (AC) curve. Perfect Competition in the Long Run: In the long-run, economic profit cannot be constant. The entry of new firms in the market will cause the demand curve of each individual firm to shift the demand curve downward, bringing down the price, the average revenue (AR) and marginal revenue curve (MR). In the long-run, the firm will make zero economic profit. Its horizontal demand curve will touch its average total cost curve at its lowest point (E). The firm is at equilibrium at the point (E) where Marginal revenue (MR) is tangent to Marginal cost (MC). If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per subject 100/- rupees only . Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141 Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidol Suraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducation F.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexam S.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexam F.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexam S.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexam T.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexam M.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1Exam M.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2Exam M.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw  

Blog, Business Communication, F.Y.B.COM, Question Bank

fybcom sem 2 business communication important questions 2025 answers

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F.Y.B.COM. SEMESTER – II BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Q.10 Define PR and functions that PROs need to perform. AND: Definition: Public Relations is the deliberate planned and sustained effort of an organization to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organization and its publics. Functions of PR: As communicators they can ascertain the very pulse of the public, and their perceptions can inform and influence policy decisions of an organization, be it for finance, marketing, community, government or environment purposes. They are therefore able to play a vital role as advisors to the management on diverse aspects. In this capacity they can help shape company policy. The public relations division can act as the image makers for the organization or the individual and, by adopting the right medium and appropriate content, can influence public opinion. A good assessment of people‘s culture specifics enables it to devise suitable strategies in determining an organization‘s goals. The ability to communicate qualifies it to act as intermediary with lobbyists or to itself lobby for organizations with people, governments or international bodies to secure deals. Though event management is being carved as aspecial niche, this is essentially what a PR professional routinely handles. Events would include diverse programmes like musical extravaganzas or book launches. But organizing conferences, meetings, symposia or exhibitions are again traditionally a PR professional‘s responsibility. Crisis management is synonymous with PR. But more important is the ability to keep the antennae up and alert and pre-empt problems. PROs (Public relations officers) therefore have to act as sirens that warn of impending trouble. When a crisis occurs, they are the first ones sought to defuse the situation, or restrict and control damage. They have to act as spokespersons for the organization. In rendering first-aid in a crisis situation, they often help by deflecting public attention from an unpleasant and unsavoury occurrence towards a positive and beneficial one. They have, therefore, been regarded as doing a white washing‘ exercise. Be that as it may, they are credited with achieving a =turnaround‘ in public perception and restoring the shine to a tarnished image. PROs are the natural and first choice as spokespersons for an organization and need to routinely interact with the media, the government or other agencies. By virtue of handling both external as well as internal audiences their role overlaps with that of the HRD. In challenging times of strikes, go-slow motions, lock-ups, mergers and/or acquisitions, they are ideally suited in addressing and occasionally redressing the concerns of the employees of an organization. Tools of PR : The principal and basic tools of PROs are the spoken word, the written word and the image. The nature and the need of the audience determine the form or the medium. If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per subject 100/- rupees only .  Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141  Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidolSuraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducationF.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexamS.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexamF.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexamS.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexamT.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexamM.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1ExamM.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2ExamM.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw        

Blog, Business Communication, F.Y.B.COM, Question Bank

Mumbai University business communication important questions and answers

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F.Y.B.COM. SEMESTER – II BUSINESS COMMUNICATION F.Y.B.COM. SEMESTER – II Q.8 What is the difference between a conference and a meeting? ANS: While a committee, as well as a conference, is a type of group communication, in a committee meeting the number of members is small, there is a well defined agenda and decisions taken are legally binding on the organization. A committee meeting is therefore a very formal affair, as its members are appointed, or nominated, and the meeting is organized with a view to solving a pertinent problem, or to implement a decision. A conference, on the other hand, is a relatively informal gettogether of a larger group that meets in an informal manner; the decisions taken at a conference are of a consultative or advisory nature. Participants in a conference do not have any voting right. In a conference, a given problem/ subject is analysed from all angles in order to arrive at the best possible solution / option. These decisions are put forward in a recommendatory fashion. For instance, a bank organising an in-house conference, before introducing the ATM facility to its customers, may invite general discussion on various aspects of the proposition, such as What is the profile of the customer? What would be their reaction to such a scheme? What kind of reception would this new facility receive? How should the bank break the news to its customers? What effort should it take to break their resistance? How should it address their security concerns? What should be the advertising strategy? It is only after a thorough study of all these aspects, and in the light of the recommendations received, that a policy decision on whether such a facility should be introduced, where it should be introduced first, what will be the task of the Public Relations Department etc, will be taken. If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per subject 100/- rupees only . Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141 Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidol Suraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducation F.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexam S.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexam F.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexam S.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexam T.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexam M.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1Exam M.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2Exam M.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw

Blog, Business Communication, F.Y.B.COM, Question Bank

Business Communication F.Y.B.COM Semester 2 Mumbai University Question

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F.Y.B.COM. SEMESTER – II BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Q.6 Group communication advantages and disadvantages. ANS: Introduction : A major objective of communication is to help decisionmaking by collecting, processing and transmitting information. A decision-making process must involve discussion, consultation and consensus. For example, the members of the examination committee meet before conducting an examination to decide on the dates, schedules, time required for evaluation, and declaration of results. Any decision, taken individually on behalf of an organisation without consultation with others, is considered arbitrary and autocratic. Advantages of group communication: A group is a reserve of collective intellect, diverse opinions, different perspectives aimed at creating a pool of ideas to obtain the best possible results of any endeavour. Apart from helping the common cause, it enriches individuals in the group by exposing them to plurality of ideas. It also engenders a sense of involvement in an organization, and strengthens relationships between the management and employees. A collective decision-making process encourages latent talents. Members learn to value compromise and still contribute to the cause. Delphi techniques, meetings, conferences, seminars and workshops, brain-storming sessions are the various ways of group decision making in the organization. Disadvantages of group communication: Working in a group on an idea is a time-consuming affair, particularly when a consensus is required. Levels of background research, knowledge, sense of responsibility and intelligence vary, bringing about unintelligible differences and lack of participation. Often, the actual purpose of a meeting is lost in endless circumlocution. A better idea or opinion can get sacrificed in the collective bargain, rendering the process a waste of time and resources. If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per Subject 100/- rupees only . Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141  Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidol Suraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducation F.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexam S.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexam F.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexam S.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexam T.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexam M.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1Exam M.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2Exam M.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw

E-commerce, M.COM PART 1, Question Bank

M.com Part 1 E commerce important questions unit wise

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M.com Part 1 (Semester 2) E- COMMERCE Most Important Question Bank for Current Exam Q.18. Discuss the benefits of E-Enterprise. ANS: E-Enterprise is the conduct of business processes on the internet. These electronic business processes include buying and selling products, supplies and services, serving customers, processing payment, managing production control, collaborating with business partners, sharing information, running automated employee services, recruiting etc. The benefits or advantages of E-enterprise is as follows :- 1. Provides Flexibility :- E-enterprise interact with more customer, can entail more, and can offer an innovative experience through website. It offers a platform for organizations to interact with the customers in a creative way and provides flexibility to realise creativity along with Global Director E-enterpriseOnline Marketplaces Third Party e-Retailers Direct Sales & Affiliates Digital Marketing Cooperative Online Marketing Product Data Management Data Distribution infrastructure that decides the scope. The restructuring of organizational processes and functions are much easier and they contribute to better utilization of resources and assets. In this age of information explosion, e-enterprise offers a platform for information utilization and allow building an edge through creative use of information. It comes in various ways such as outsourcing, off shoring, and integrating various business components. 2. No need for physical preserence :- Business are no longer dependent on physical reach because most of them have expanded through the internet. This has increased the visibility of the companies. Increased connectivity has enhanced responsiveness mainfold. Introduction of new service have changed their management and treatment in marketplace. 3. Cost Reduction :- E-enterprise reduces the cost information collection, inforamtion stortage and information analysis. Most importantly, it reduces the communcation costs. 4. Transparency :- In e-enterprise, marekets, prices, transaction, and cost become more and more transparent. This transparency leads to more efficient markets. Cost transparency refers to the ability of the customer to determine that actual costs. 5. Personalization :- Another importanta aspect of e-enterprise is personalization. E-enterprise allows one to have targeted marketing message and even customers can select their messages of interest. They can keep their transactions listed and merchants can give personalized service as e-business allows very easy information handling. 6. End-to-end information flows :- E-enterprise transforms business relationship traditionally working in hierachy and many indirect connections. The old indirect connectivity and hierachy was responsible for the market inefficiencies and loss of information. Eenterprise with end-to-end relationship empowers efficient information flow. This allows customer demands at different levels being addressed more efficiently. 7. Integrated solution :- E-enterprise even helps in managing the chain of networks linking customers, workers, suppliers, distributors, and even competitors within an integrated or extended supply chain management solution. Supply chain management(SCM) is defined as the management of supply-related functions and activities, that is,materials, information, and finance as they move from source to destinationm that is, form the supplier to manufacturer to wholesaler to retailer and, finally, to consumer. It involoves the coordination and integration of parties involved in it and flows both within and among companies. 8. Saves time :- One of the major driving forces behind implementation of e-business is that is saves time. The savings in time takes place on different fronts. The customer saves time because he/she can perform different transactions at any time and at any place. The turnaround time for transactions is reduced to a great extent. Overall connectivity empowers the organization to deliver an efficient service. Time is also saved in other transactions, information transefers, and ultimately helping in decision making. 9. Improved communication with customers and suppliers :- The communication and interaction of customers with suppliers has become easier. Finacial transactions have become efficient and that allows both customers and suppliers to concentrate on other fronts. Electronic communication makes overall communication efficient. 10. Online publishing :- Text, graphics, and multimedia files are used in web-based documents for web publishing. The examples of webpublishing include various e-magazines, web based newspapers, and e-books that are published on website. Other materials used for promotional purpose and published on websites also come under web publishing. Low-cost univesal access, the independence of time and place, and ease of distribution are some of the advantage of online publishing. There are mangement issues and public policy issues that need to be considered before online purchasing. The measurement and profitability related issues come under management issues , while copyright, censorship related issues, and legal aspects come under public policy related issues. Online publishing uses both business-to-business (B2B) and business-toconsumers(B2C).   If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per subject 100/- rupees only .  Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141        Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidol Suraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducation   F.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexam   S.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexam   F.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexam     S.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexam     T.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexam     M.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1Exam   M.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2Exam M.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw    

E-commerce, M.COM PART 1, Question Bank

E-commerce m com semester 2 important questions and answers pdf 2024

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   M.com Part 1 (Semester 2) E- COMMERCE Most Important Question Bank for Current Exam Q.16 Discuss the features of e-enterprise ANS: 1. Flat Organisation Structure :- The nature of organisation structure in e-enterprise is flat. There are limited levels of management.There is limited number of workforce including managers, also the administration and managent overheads are lower. 2. Global Reach:- E-enterprise permits global reach. Due to internet and web technology , traditional business organisation defination has undergone a change where scope of the enterprise now includes other company location, business partners, customers and vendors. 3. Information Driven :- Due to Interent and web, the e-enterprise is nformation driven rather than paper driven organisation. E-business enterprises is open twenty four hours, and being an public domain; managers,suppliers,customers and business partners can transact business anytime from anywhere. 4. Competitive Advantage :- Internet capabilities have given ebusiness enterprise a competitive advantage to increase the business value. It has opened new channels of business as buying and selling can be done on internet. It enables to reach new markets across the world anywhere du to communication capabilities. It has empowered customers and suppliers through secured access to information to act, wherever necessary. The cost of business operation has come down significantly due to the elimination of paper-driven processes, faster communication and effective collaborative working. The internet based transactions resulted in the reduction of administrative and management overheads, reduction in inventory, quicker delivery of products. 5. Absense of Command Control :- In e-enterprise, organisations are empowered by informaion and knowledge to perform various activities. In e-enterprise, people work in a network environment or in a virtual mode. The decision in e-enterprise are supported by information systems, application packages and decision-support systems. 6. Process driven :- E-business enterprise is more process driven, technology enabled and uses its own information and knowledge to perform activities. In E-business enterprise, most of the activities are electronic-based,use of digital technologies and work on databases,knowledge bases,directories and document repositories. The business process are conducted through enterprise software like ERP(Enterprise Resourse Planning),SCM(Supply chain management) and e-CRM supported by data warehouse, decision support and knowledge management systems. 7. E-business Solutions :- E-business enterprises are using Internet technology, network, and wireless technology for improving the business performance measured in terms of cost, efficiency, competitiveness and profitability. E-enterprise are using e-business solutions to reach faraway locations to deliver product and services. The enterprise solutions like ERP, SCM and e-CRM run on Internet and Wide Area Network(WAN). 8. Transformation :- The paradigm shift to e-enterprise has brought four transformations, namely:  Domestic business to global business.  Industrial manufacturing economy to knowledge-based service economy.  Enterprise resource management to Enterprise network management.  Manual document driven business process to paperless automated, electronically transacted business process. 9. Trading of goods and services :- In E-enterptrise, business is conducted electronically. Buying and selling is possible for a wide range of products such books, readymade garments, jewellery, electronic items, white goods and many such goods are bought and sold on internet. Also, a number of services such as banking, insurance, healthcare, education, tourism industry are being managed through internet. 10. Mangement Information Systems :- MIS for e-business is different compared to conventional MIS design of an organisation. The role of MIS in e-business organization is to deal with changes in global market and enterprises. MIS produce more knowledge-based products. Knowledge management system is normally recognised as a part of MIS. It is effectively used for straegic planning for survival and growth, increase in profits, productivity. 11. Challenges for E-enterprise:-  The organisation structure should be lean and flat  Employees should allow to work from anywhere  Re-engineer the processes to cut down process cycle time  Make use of groupware technology on internet platform for faster response processing.  Enlarge the scope of organisation where customers, suppliers, and others become a part of the organisation with the help of etechnology.  Change the organisation behaviour to gain competitive advantage by using e-technolgy to communicate,coordinate and collaborate with customers, suppliers and businss partners.     If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per subject 100/- rupees only .  Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141        Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidol Suraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducation   F.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexam   S.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexam   F.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexam     S.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexam     T.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexam     M.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1Exam   M.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2Exam M.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw    

M.COM PART 2, Question Bank, SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS

idol mumbai university M.com Semester 4 business management supply chain management Important

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  M.COM SEMESTER – IV (CBCS) BUSINESS STUDIES (MANAGEMENT) SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS   Q.10 Write a brief note on forms of supply chain networks. ANS: Supply chain networks exhibit various models that aid in understanding the various optimization methods used for studying uncertainty and scenario modelling. As shown below, there are six distinct supply chain network models.           1. Producer Storage with Direct Shipping: In this model, goods are transported directly from the manufacturer’s starting point to the end customer’s destination point, bypassing the retailer. The retailer accepts the order and initiates the delivery request. This is also known as drop-shipping because the product is delivered directly from the manufacturer’s location to the customer’s location. 2. Producer storage with direct shipping and in-transit merge (crossdocking): It is like pure drop-shipping or moving, but the difference is that pieces of the order come from various locations and are merged into one so that the customer receives a single delivery. 3. Distributor storage with package carrier delivery: When inventory is not owned by the manufacturers at the plants, but rather by merchants/retailers in intermediate warehouses, package carriers are used to ship goods from the intermediate location to the final customer. 4. Distributor storage with last-mile delivery: When a merchant/retailer delivers the goods ordered by the customer to the customer’s home rather than using a package carrier, this type occurs. 5. Producer or distributor storage with customer pickup: The inventory is stored at the manufacturer’s or producer’s warehouse, but customers place their orders online or by phone and then come to pick-up points designated for collecting their orders. 6. Retail Storage with Customer Pickup: This is mostly used when inventory is kept locally at retail stores; customers walk into the store or order something online or over the phone and pick it up at the store. Customers’ preferences are used to make distribution system decisions. This, in turn, affects the demand for the product or products as well as the cost of the distribution arrangement.     If you want exam most important question bank pdf then you have to pay per subject 100/- rupees only .  Contact 8652719712 / 8779537141              Telegram Group Mumbai Univeersity :- https://t.me/mumbaiuniversityidol Suraj Patel Education :- https://t.me/surajpateleducation   F.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/FYJCexam   S.Y.J.C EXAM :- https://t.me/SYJCexam   F.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/fyexam     S.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/syexam     T.Y EXAM :- https://t.me/tyexam     M.Com Part 1 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart1Exam   M.Com Part 2 EXAM :- https://t.me/McomPart2Exam M.A EXAM :- https://t.me/mastudentsexam  YouTube Channel  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv8JIY58xfWHUIXVu9wxNHw     supply chain management logistics m.com sem 4 question paper   supply chain management logistics m.com sem 4 question with answer m.com semester 4 subjects of supply chain management logistics m.com semester 4 mumbai university supply chain management logistics important question IDOL mumbai university m.com semester 4 supply chain management logistics important question IDOL mumbai university supply chain management logistics important question business management supply chain management m.com sem 4 question paper M.com Semester 4 business management supply chain management Important idol mumbai university M.com Semester 4 business management supply chain management Important business management M.com supply chain management Important question supply chain management mcq questions and answers pdf downloa SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND LOGISTICS M.COM Business Management Supply Chain Management Mcom Master Of Commerce Semester 4 Question Papers M.Com. Semester Pattern Study Material

M.COM PART 2, Question Bank, SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS

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    M.COM SEMESTER – IV (CBCS) BUSINESS STUDIES (MANAGEMENT) SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT LOGISTICS   Q.7 Explain the factors for selecting a suitable channel in a business scenario. ANS: Various constituents of the marketing mix like promotion etc., are closely related to the channels of distribution. A wrong choice of distribution channel ultimately increases the price of the product. Deciding a proper channel of distribution is not an easy task. It involves a careful study and consideration of many factors stated below. Some of the factors to consider while selecting a channel of distribution are: (1) The Nature of the Product (2) The Nature of the market (3) The Nature of Middlemen (4) The nature and size of the manufacturing unit (5) Government Regulations and Policies and (6) Competition. 1) The Nature of the Product: These factors include physical characteristics of a product and their impact on the selection of a particular channel of distribution. Various factors under this category are: (a) Perishability: Products which are perishable in nature are distributed by employing a shorter channel of distribution so that goods could be delivered to the consumers without delay. Delay in distribution of these products will deteriorate their quality. (b) Size and weight of product: Bulky and heavy products like coal and food grains etc. are directly distributed to the users involving heavy transportation costs. In order to minimise these costs a short and direct distribution channel is suitable. (c) Products with lesser: Unit value and high turnover are distributed by employing longer channels of distribution. Household products like utensils, cloth, cosmetics etc. take a longer time to reach the consumers. On the other hand, products like jewellery having high product value are directly sold to the consumers by the jewellers. (d) Standardisation: Products of standard size and quality usually take longer by adopting longer channels of distribution. For example, machine tools and automobile products which are of standard size reach the consumer through the wholesalers and retailers. Un-standardised articles take less time and pass-through shorter channels of distribution. (e) Technical Nature of Products: Industrial products which are highly technical in nature are usually distributed directly to the industrial users and take lesser time and adopt shorter channels of distribution. In this case after sales service and technical advice is provided by the manufacturer to the consumers. On the other hand, consumer products of technical nature are usually sold through wholesalers and retailers. In this manner a longer channel of distribution is employed for their sales. After sales services are provided by the wholesalers and retailers. Examples of such products are televisions, scooters, refrigerators, etc. (f) Product Lines: A manufacturer producing different products in the same lines sells directly or through retailers and less time is consumed in their distribution. For example, in automobile rubber products this practice is followed. On the other hand, a manufacturer dealing only in one item appoints sole selling agents, wholesalers and retailers for selling the product. For example, in the case of ‘Vanaspati Ghee’, a longer distribution channel is undertaken. 2) The Nature of the market: This is another factor influencing the choice of a proper channel of distribution. In the words of Lazo and Corbin ―Marketing managements select channels on the basis of customer wants-how, where and under what circumstances. The number of buyers of the product affects the choice of a f channel of distribution. Following factors are considered in this regard: (a) Consumer of industrial market: In the case of industrial markets, the number of buyers is less; a shorter channel of distribution can be adopted. These buyers usually directly purchase from the manufacturers. Marketing intermediaries are not needed in this case. But in the case of consumer markets, where there are a large number of buyers, a longer channel of distribution is employed. Distribution process cannot be effectively carried out without the services of wholesalers and retailers. (b) Number of prospective buyers: If the number of buyers is likely to be more, the distribution channel will be long. On the other hand, if the number of consumers is expected to be less, the manufacturer can effectively sell directly to the consumers by appointing salesmen. (c) Size of the order: If the size of the order placed by the customers is big, direct selling can be undertaken by the manufacturer as in the case of industrial goods. But where the size of the order is small, middlemen are appointed to distribute the products. (d) Geographic concentration of market: Where the customers are concentrated at one particular place or market, the distribution channel will be short and the manufacturer can directly supply the goods in that area by opening his own shops or sales depot. In cases where buyers are widely scattered, it is very difficult for the manufacturer to establish a direct link with the consumers, services of wholesalers and retailers will be used. (e) Buying habits of customers: This includes tastes, preferences, likes and dislikes of customers. Customers also expect certain services like credit and personal attention and after sales services etc. All these factors greatly influence the choice of distribution channel. 3) The Nature of Middlemen: Marketing intermediaries are vital components in the distribution of goods. They greatly influence the marketing of goods.  Important factors relating to the selection of a particular middleman are explained as under: (a) Cost of distribution of goods: Cost of distribution through middlemen is one of the main considerations to be taken into account by the manufacturer. Higher cost of distribution will result in the increased cost of product. The manufacturer should select the most economical distribution channel. In finalising the channel of distribution, services provided by the intermediaries must be kept in mind. It may be pointed out that the manufacturer can select an expensive marketing intermediary because that may ensure various marketing services which cannot be offered by others. (b) Availability of desired middlemen: Sometimes desired middlemen may not be available for the distribution of goods. They may be busy dealing with competitive

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